The
ifconfig.if files or variables contain information regarding the configuration of each network interface.
ifconfig.if is processed by
/etc/rc.d/network at system boot time.
For each interface (
nnX) that is to be configured, there should be either an
ifconfig_nnX variable in
rc.conf(5), or an
/etc/ifconfig.nnX file (such as the
ifconfig_fxp0 variable or the
/etc/ifconfig.fxp0 file for the
fxp0 interface). The variable or file will get evaluated only if the interface exists on the system. Multiple lines can be placed in a variable or file, and will be evaluated sequentially. In the case of a variable, semicolons may be used instead of newlines, as described in
rc.conf(5). <backslash><newline> sequences in files are ignored, so long logical lines may be made up of several shorter physical lines.
Normally, a line will be evaluated as command line arguments to
ifconfig(8). “
ifconfig nnX” will be prepended on evaluation. Arguments with embedded shell metacharacters should be quoted in
sh(1) style.
If the line is equal to “dhcp”,
dhcpcd(8) will be started for the interface.
If a line is empty, or starts with ‘#', the line will be ignored as comment.
If a line starts with ‘!', the rest of line will get evaluated as shell script fragment. Shell variables declared in
/etc/rc.d/network are accessible but may not be modified. The most useful variable is
$int, as it will be bound to the interface being configured with the file.
For example, the following illustrates static interface configuration:
# IPv4, with an alias
inet 10.0.1.12 netmask 255.255.255.0 media 100baseTX
inet 10.0.1.13 netmask 255.255.255.255 alias
# let us have IPv6 address on this interface
inet6 2001:db8::1 prefixlen 64 alias
# have subnet router anycast address too
inet6 2001:db8:: prefixlen 64 alias anycast
The following illustrates dynamic configuration setup with
dhclient(8) and
rtsol(8):
up
# autoconfigure IPv4 address
!dhclient $int
# autoconfigure IPv6 address. Be sure to set $ip6mode to autohost.
!rtsol $int
The following example sets a network name for a wireless interface (using quotes to protect special characters in the name), and starts
dhcpcd(8):
The following example is for dynamically-created pseudo interfaces like
gif(4). Earlier versions of
/etc/rc.d/network required an explicit ‘create' command for such interfaces, but creation is now handled automatically.
up
# configure IPv6 default route toward the interface
!route add -inet6 default ::1
!route change -inet6 default -ifp $int